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Rev Fin 2000; 13:257-300
© 2000 the Society for Financial Studies


Article

Trading volume: definitions, data analysis, and implications of portfolio theory

AW Loz and J Wang
MIT Sloan School of Management, 50 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02142-1347, USA
z Corresponding author
E-mail: alo@mit.edu

Abstract

We examine the implications of portfolio theory for the cross-sectional behavior of equity trading volume. Two-fund separation theorems suggest a natural definition for trading activity: share turnover. If two-fund separation holds, share turnover must be identical for all securities. If (K + 1)-fund separation holds, we show that turnover satisfies an approximately linear K-factor structure. These implications are examined empirically using individual weekly turnover data for NYSE and AMEX securities from 1962 to 1996. We find strong evidence against two-fund separation, and a principal-components decomposition suggests that turnover is well approximated by a two-factor linear model.


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