RFS Advance Access originally published online on January 5, 2005
Review of Financial Studies 2005 18(3):743-793; doi:10.1093/rfs/hhi013
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Island Goes Dark: Transparency, Fragmentation, and Regulation
University of California at Berkeley
Columbia University
Address correspondence to Terrence Hendershott, Haas School of Business, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1900, or e-mail: hender{at}haas.berkeley.edu.
Responding to a September 2002 regulatory enforcement, the Island electronic communications network stopped displaying its limit order book in the three most active exchange-traded funds (ETFs) where it was the dominant venue. Islands share of trading activity and price discovery fell, fragmenting the market. ETF prices adjust more slowly when Island goes dark, and there is substantial price discovery movement from ETFs to the futures market. Trading costs increase on Island and decrease off Island, with higher trading costs overall. When Island later redisplays its orders, market quality improves, with transparency and the reduction in fragmentation both playing important roles.
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